Species List 2021

Here is my running species list for 2021. I’m including those I’ve taken photos of, heard, saw without getting a photo of, or found tracks/scat that I could identify. You can see last year’s species list HERE.

Total Species Identified in 2021:  596

JANFEBMARAPRMAYJUN
320157119
JULYAUGSEPTOCTNOVDEC
Number of individual species observed/recorded per month (no duplicates)

Arachnids:

  1. Barn Funnel Weaver Spider, Tegenaria domestica
  2. California Turret Spider, Antrodiaetus riversi
  3. Ghost Spider, Family: Anyphaenidae
  4. Sheet Weaver Spiders, Family: Linyphiidae
  5. Tangle Web Spider, Theridion sp.
  6. Wall Spider, Oecobius sp.
  7. Western Black Widow Spider, Latrodectus hesperus
  8. Western Spotted Orbweaver Spider, Neoscona oaxacensis

Birds:

  1. Acorn Woodpecker, Melanerpes formicivorus
  2. American Bittern, Botaurus lentiginosus
  3. American Coot, Fulica americana
  4. American Goldfinch, Spinus tristis
  5. American Kestrel, Falco sparverius
  6. American Pipit, Anthus rubescens
  7. American Robin, Turdus migratorius
  8. American White Pelican, Pelecanus erythrorhynchos
  9. American Wigeon, Anas americana
  10. Anna’s Hummingbird, Calypte anna
  11. Audubon’s Warbler, Yellow-Rumped Warbler, Setophaga coronata auduboni
  12. Azure-Winged Magpie, Cyanopica cyanus
  13. Bald Eagle, Haliaeetus leucocephalus
  14. Belted Kingfisher, Megaceryle alcyon
  15. Bewick’s Wren, Thryomanes bewickii
  16. Black-Crowned Night Heron, Nycticorax nycticorax
  17. Black-Necked Stilt, Himantopus mexicanus
  18. Black Phoebe, Sayornis nigricans
  19. Brewer’s Blackbird, Euphagus cyanocephalus
  20. Brown Creeper, Certhia americana
  21. Brown-Headed Cowbird, Molothrus ater
  22. Buff Orpington Duck, Anas platyrhynchos domesticus var. Orpington
  23. Bufflehead Duck, Bucephala albeola
  24. Burrowing Owl, Western Burrowing Owl, Athene cunicularia hypugaea
  25. Bushtit, American Bushtit, Psaltriparus minimus
  26. Cackling Goose, Branta hutchinsii
  27. California Gull, Larus californicus [yellow legs; dark eye; red spot]
  28. California Quail, Callipepla californica
  29. California Scrub Jay, Aphelocoma californica
  30. California Towhee, Melozone crissalis
  31. Canada Goose, Branta canadensis
  32. Canvasback Duck, Aythya valisineria
  33. Caribbean Flamingo, Phoenicopterus ruber
  34. Chestnut-Backed Chickadee, Poecile rufescens
  35. Cinnamon Teal, Anas cyanoptera
  36. Clark’s Grebe, Aechmophorus clarkii [black above the eye]
  37. Common Gallinule, Gallinula galeata
  38. Common Goldeneye, Bucephala clangula
  39. Common Merganser, Mergus merganser
  40. Cooper’s Hawk, Acipiter cooperii
  41. Crested Duck, Anas platyrhynchos domesticus var. Crested
  42. Crested Screamer, Chauna torquata
  43. Crow, American Crow, Corvus brachyrhynchos
  44. Dark-Eyed Junco, Junco hyemalis
  45. Double-Crested Cormorant, Phalacrocorax auratus
  46. Downy Woodpecker, Picoides pubescens
  47. Dunlin, Calidris alpina
  48. Emu, Dromaius novaehollandiae
  49. Eurasian Collared Dove, Streptopelia decaocto
  50. European Starling, Sturnus vulgaris
  51. Fox Sparrow, Passerella iliaca
  52. Gadwall Duck, Mareca Strepera
  53. Glaucous-Winged Gull, Larus glaucescens [gray wings/grey wing-tips; red spot; pink legs]
  54. Golden-Crowned Sparrow, Zonotrichia atricapilla
  55. Great Blue Heron, Ardea herodias
  56. Great Egret, Ardea alba
  57. Great Horned Owl, Bubo virginianus
  58. Great-Tailed Grackle, Quiscalus mexicanus
  59. Greater Roadrunner, Geococcyx californianus
  60. Greater White-Fronted Goose, Anser albifrons
  61. Greater Yellowlegs, Tringa melanoleuca
  62. Green Heron, Butorides virescens
  63. Green-Winged Teal, Anas carolinensis
  64. Hermit Thrush, Catharus guttatus
  65. Herring Gull, Larus argentatus [spot on bill, gray legs, pale eye]
  66. Himalayan Monal, Lophophorus impejanus
  67. Hooded Merganser, Lophodytes cucullatus
  68. Horned Lark, Eremophila alpestris
  69. House Finch, Haemorhous mexicanus
  70. House Sparrow, Passer domesticus
  71. House Wren, Troglodytes aedon
  72. Killdeer, Charadrius vociferous
  73. Lark Sparrow, Chondestes grammacus
  74. Laughing Kookaburra, Dacelo novaeguineae
  75. Lesser Goldfinch, Spinus psaltria
  76. Lincoln’s Sparrow, Melospiza lincolnii
  77. Long-Billed Curlew, Numenius americanus
  78. Long-Billed Dowitcher, Limnodromus scolopaceus
  79. Mallard Duck, Anas platyrhynchos
  80. Marsh Wren, Cistothorus palustris
  81. Mourning Dove, Zenaida macroura
  82. Mute Swan, Cygnus olor
  83. Northern Flicker, Colaptes auratus
  84. Northern Harrier, Marsh Hawk, Circus hudsonius
  85. Northern Mockingbird, Mimus polyglottos
  86. Northern Pintail, Anas acuta
  87. Northern Rough-Winged Swallow, Stelgidopteryx serripennis [ashy]
  88. Northern Shoveler, Anas clypeata
  89. Nuttall’s Woodpecker, Picoides nuttallii
  90. Oak Titmouse, Baeolophus inornatus
  91. Osprey, Pandion haliaetus
  92. Ostrich, Common Ostrich, Struthio camelus
  93. Pekin Duck, Anas platyrhynchos domesticus var. Pekin
  94. Phainopepla, Phainopepla nitens
  95. Pied-Billed Grebe, Podilymbus podiceps
  96. Raven, Common Raven, Corvus corax
  97. Red-Shouldered Hawk, Buteo lineatus
  98. Red-Tailed Hawk, Buteo jamaicensis
  99. Red-Winged Blackbird, Agelaius phoeniceus
  100. Rio Grande Wild Turkey, Meleagris gallopavo intermedia
  101. Ring-Billed Gull, Larus delawarensis [ black ring, light eye, yellow legs]
  102. Ring-Necked Duck, Aythya collaris
  103. Ring-Necked Pheasant, Phasianus colchicus
  104. Ruby-Crowned Kinglet, Regulus calendula
  105. Ruddy Duck, Oxyura jamaicensis
  106. Sandhill Crane, Grus canadensis
  107. Savannah Sparrow, Passerculus sandwichensis
  108. Say’s Phoebe, Sayornis saya
  109. Snow Goose, Chen caerulescens
  110. Snowy Egret, Egretta thula
  111. Song Sparrow, Melospiza melodia
  112. Spotted Sandpiper, Actitis macularius
  113. Spotted Towhee, Pipilo maculatus
  114. Spur-Winged Lapwing, Vanellus spinosus
  115. Steller’s Jay, Cyanocitta stelleri
  116. Swan Goose, Anser cygnoides [can be white, or gray/brown, knob on the bill]
  117. Swedish Blue Duck, Anas platyrhynchos domesticus var. Swedish Blue
  118. Thick-Billed Parrot, Rhynchopsitta pachyrhyncha
  119. Tree Swallow, Tachycineta bicolor
  120. Turkey Vulture, Cathartes aura
  121. Western Bluebird, Sialia Mexicana
  122. Western Grebe, Aechmophorus occidentalis [black below the eye]
  123. Western Gull, Larus occidentalis [spot on bill, pink legs, orange circle around eye]
  124. Western Kingbird, Tyrant Flycatcher, Tyrannus verticalis
  125. Western Meadowlark, Sturnella neglecta
  126. Western Screech Owl, Megascops kennicottii
  127. White-Breasted Nuthatch, Sitta carolinensis
  128. White-Crowned Sparrow, Zonotrichia leucophrys
  129. White-Faced Ibis, Plegadis chihi
  130. White-Faced Whistling Duck, Dendrocygna viduata
  131. White Tailed Kite, Elanus leucurus
  132. Wood Duck, Aix sponsa
  133. Yellow-Billed Magpie, Pica nuttalli
  134. Yellow-Rumped Warbler, Setophaga coronata

Fish:

  1. Bluegill, Lepomis macrochirus
  2. Koi Fish, Cyprinus rubrofuscus

Fungi and Molds:

  1. Barometer Earthstar, Hygroscopic Earthstar, Astraeus hygrometricus
  2. Black Jelly Roll Fungus, Black Witches’ Butter, Exidia glandulosa
  3. Bleeding Mycena, Bleeding Fairy Helmet, Mycena haematopus
  4. Blewit Mushroom, Purple Core, Lepista nuda
  5. Bonnet Mushrooms, Genus: Mycena
  6. Bracket Fungus, Family: Hymenochaetaceae
  7. Brown Jelly Fungus, Leafy Brain, Phaeotremella foliacea
  8. Carnival Candy Slime Mold, Arcyria denudata
  9. Common Bonnet Mushroom, Mycena galericulata
  10. Common Pin Mold, Mucor mucedo
  11. Coyote Brush Rust, Puccinia evadens
  12. Cramp Ball Fungus, Annulohypoxylon thouarsianum
  13. Crowded Parchment, Stereum complicatum [like Turkey-tail but very flat]
  14. Cytospora Canker, Cytospora chrysosperma [bright orange fruiting body, looks like frozen dodder]
  15. Deceiver Mushroom, Laccaria laccata [reddish-tan, dimpled, goblet shaped]
  16. Deer Mushroom, Pluteus cervinus
  17. Destroying Angel Mushroom, Amanita ocreata
  18. Dryad’s Saddle, Hawk’s Wing, Polyporus squamosus
  19. False Turkey-Tail, Stereum hirsutum [thin, flattish, brown underside]
  20. False Turkey-Tail, Stereum ostrea
  21. Fairy Parachutes, Marasmiellus candidus [like oysterlings, but more fanned out]
  22. Fragrant Funnel Mushroom, Clitocybe fragrans
  23. Gem-Studded Puffball, Common Puffball, Lycoperdon perlatum
  24. Golden-Haired Inkcap Mushroom, Parasola auricoma
  25. Green Trichoderma Mold, Trichoderma viride
  26. Grey Knight Mushroom, Tricholoma terreum [gray-white cap, light gills, flattened stipe]
  27. Hare’s Foot Inkcap Mushroom, Coprinopsis lagopus
  28. Hollyhock Rust Fungus, Puccinia malvacearum
  29. Honey Fungus, Honey Mushroom, Armillaria mellea
  30. Jack-o-Lantern, Western Jack-o-Lantern, Omphalotus olivascens
  31. Jelly Spot Fungus, Dacrymyces stillatus
  32. Leathery Bracket Fungus, Stereum illudens [dark with an almost pink, light rim]
  33. Magpie Inkcap, Common Inkcap, Coprinopsis picacea
  34. Mica Cap, Coprinellus micaceus [an inkcap, tan cap, dark gills]
  35. Milk-White Toothed Polypore, Irpex lacteus
  36. Mouse Ear Stereum, Stereum ochraceoflavum
  37. Mustard Yellow Polypore, Fuscoporia gilva [like a bracket fungus]
  38. Netted Crust Fungus, Byssomerulius corium, a kind of resupinate fungus, lays flat on the substrate
  39. Nitrous Bonnet, Bleach-Scented Mycena, Mycena leptocephali
  40. Oak-leaf Pinwheel Mushroom, Horsehair Mushroom, Marasmiellus quercophilus [tiny, black stipe, on leaflitter]
  41. Oak-loving Gymnopus, Gymnopus dryophilus [tan-orange with pale gills; cap can be flat or curved up as it ages]
  42. Ocre Spreading Tooth Fungus, Steccherinum ochraceum
  43. Oyster Mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus
  44. Pale Oysterling, Crepidotus caspari [tiny, white, well-spaced gills]
  45. Paltry Puffball, Puffball Fungus, Bovista californica
  46. Pleated Inkcap Mushroom, Parasola plicatilis
  47. Radish-Scented Mycena, Rosy Bonnet, Mycena rosea
  48. Red Edge Brittlestem Mushroom, Psathyrella corrugis [young have red-brown caps and white stipes; turn pale tan and brown with age]
  49. Red Raspberry Slime Mold, Tubifera ferruginosa
  50. Scurfy Twiglet Mushroom, Tubaria furfuracea [small, tan-yellow]
  51. Shiny Copper Mushroom, Nolanea sp.
  52. Silky Pink Gill Mushroom, Nolanea sericea (Entoloma sericeum ssp. sericeum) [very dark brown cap with a nipple on top]
  53. Silverleaf Fungus, Chondrostereum purpureum [sort of like Stereum with white/pale edges]
  54. Small Moss Oysterling, Arrhenia retiruga [tan, thin like a fingernail, tan or brownish]
  55. Smoky Polypore, Bjerkandera adusta [like Turkey Tail but with no “zones” of color and a dark under side]
  56. Splitgill Mushroom, Schizophyllum commune
  57. Sulphur Tuft Mushroom, Hypholoma fasciculare
  58. Tall Psathyrella Mushroom, Psathyrella longipes [tan cap that often splits, dark tan gills]
  59. Toothed Crust Fungus, Steccherinum ochraceum
  60. Trembling Crust Fungus, Merulius tremellosus [flat, kind of like stereum, white fuzzy edges when young/growing, can have teeth/netting underneath]
  61. Tube Slimes, Stemonitis sp.
  62. Turkey Tail Fungus, Trametes versicolor
  63. Veined Mossear, Rimbachia bryophila [small, while, fingernail like]
  64. White Finger Slime Mold, Stemonitopsis typhina
  65. White Stubble Rosegill, Volvopluteus gloiocephalusi [white mushroom, slick cap with colored center, pale pink to gills, papery volva]
  66. Winter Oyster, Scytinotus longinquus (Pleurotopsis longinquus) 
  67. Witch’s Butter Jelly Fungus, Tremella mesenterica
  68. Yellow Fieldcap Mushroom, Bolbitius titubans
  69. Yellow Knight Mushroom, Tricholoma equestre

Galls:

  1. Alder Tongue, Western American Alder Tongue Gall Fungus, Taphrina occidentalis
  2. Ash Flower Gall Mite, Aceria fraxiniflora
  3. Black Grass Bug, Irbisia pacifica
  4. Coyote Brush Bud Gall midge, Rhopalomyia californica
  5. Coyote Brush Rust Gall, Puccinia evadens
  6. Coyote Brush Stem Gall Moth, Gnorimoschema baccharisella
  7. French Broom Gall Mite, Aceria genistae
  8. Gall Inducing Wooly Aphid, Stegophylla essigi [in live oaks, folds the leaf over itself; sometimes the leaf turns red/reddish]
  9. Gouty Stem Gall Wasp, Callirhytis quercussuttoni
  10. Irregular Spindle Gall Wasp, Andricus chrysolepidicola [on white oaks, Blue, Valley, etc.]
  11. Live Oak Erineum Mite Gall, Aceria mackiei
  12. Live Oak Gall Wasp, Spring Generation, Callirhytis quercuspomiformis [looks like a soft funnel, green to brown]
  13. Live Oak Gall Wasp, Summer Generation, Callirhytis quercuspomiformis [spiky ball]
  14. Manzanita Leaf Gall Aphid, Tamalia coweni
  15. Oak Apple, California Gall Wasp, Andricus quercuscalifornicus
  16. Pink Honeysuckle Gall Midge, Lonicerae russoi [rosette gall]
  17. Round Leaf Gall Wasp, Heteroecus flavens [single large blister on live oak leaves]
  18. Ruptured Twig Gall Wasp, Callirhytis perdens
  19. Spined Turban Gall Wasp, Antron douglasii [spring gall, round on the stems, blue oaks]
  20. Willow Pinecone Gall midge, Rabdophaga strobiloides
  21. Willow Rose Gall Midge, Rabdophaga rosaria
  22. Willow Stem Sawfly, Euura exiguae
  23. Yellow-Legged Mud-Dauber Wasp, Sceliphron caementarium

Insects, Arthropods, Hexapods:

  1. Anise Swallowtail Butterfly, Papilio zelicaon
  2. Aphid, Cabbage Aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae
  3. Asian Lady Beetle, Harmonia axyridis
  4. Black-Tailed Bumble Bee, Bombus melanopygus
  5. California Calligraphy Leaf Beetle, Calligrapha californica [black and orange striped]
  6. California Oak Moth, Phryganidia californica
  7. California Pipevine Swallowtail Butterfly, Battus philenor hirsuta
  8. Chinese Praying Mantis, Tenodera sinensis [largest]
  9. Convergent Lady Beetle, Hippodamia convergens
  10. Cranefly, European Crane Fly, Tipula paludosa
  11. Crown Whitefly, Aleuroplatus coronata
  12. Dark Jerusalem Cricket, Ammopelmatus fuscus
  13. Dark-Winged Fungus Gnat, Bradysia sp.
  14. Digger Bee, Tribe: Anthophorin
  15. European Honeybee, Western Honeybee, Apis mellifera
  16. Greenbottle Fly, Marsh Greenbottle Fly, Lucilia silvarum
  17. Green Lacewing, Chrysoperla rufilabris
  18. Hoverfly, Black-Margined Flower Fly, Syrphus opinator
  19. Hoverfly, Large-Tailed Aphideater, Eupeodes volucris
  20. Live Oak Kermes, Allokermes cueroensis
  21. Long Horned Beetle, Callimus ruficollis [black with red thorax]
  22. Marsh Fly, Euthycera sp.
  23. Meadow Spittlebug, Philaenus spumarius
  24. Millipede, Class: Diplopoda
  25. Mourning Cloak Butterfly, Nymphalis antiopa
  26. Non-Biting Midge, Cricotopus bicinctus [black and white, turned up tail]
  27. Paper Wasp, Black Paper Wasp, European Paper Wasp, Polistes dominula
  28. Paper Wasp, Red Paper wasp, Apache Paper Wasp, Polistes apachus
  29. Peridot Sweat Bee, Augochlorella pomoniella [bright metallic green]
  30. Plump Springtails, Superfamily: Onychiuroidea
  31. Rosy Short-Head Millipede, Brachycybe rosea
  32. Seven-Spotted Lady Beetle, Coccinella septempunctata
  33. Soldier Beetle, Silis sp.
  34. Western Boxelder Bug, Boisea rubrolineata
  35. Western Polished Lady Beetle, Cycloneda polita [orange, no spots]
  36. Western Small Milkweed Bug, Lygaeus kalmii kalmii
  37. Western Tiger Swallowtail Butterfly, Papilio rutulus
  38. Yellow-Legged Mud-dauber Wasp, Sceliphron caementarium

Other Invertebrates (Worms, Mollusks, Crabs, etc.):

  1. Asian Clam, Corbicula fluminea [little tan or white shells]
  2. Foothill Shoulderband Snail, Helminthoglypta cypreophila
  3. Horsehair Worm, Hairworm, Phylum: Nematomorpha
  4. Pinworm, Family: Oxyuridae
  5. Red Swamp Crayfish, Crawdad, Procambarus clarkii

Lichen on Trees:

  1. Bark Rim Lichen, Lecanora chlarotera [looks like Whitewash Lichen but has apothecia]
  2. Beaded Tube Lichen, Hypogymnia apinnata [hoary green with black back, black spots on thallus]
  3. Boreal Button Lichen, Buellia disciformis [pale gray to bluish with black apothecia on wood]
  4. Bristly Beard Lichen, Usnea hirta [thin bristly fronds]
  5. Bumpy Rim-Lichen, Lecanora hybocarpa [tan to brown apothecia]
  6. California Camouflage Lichen, Melanelixia californica [dark green with brown apothecia, on trees]
  7. Candleflame Lichen, Candelaria concolor [bright yellow-orange]
  8. Common Powderhorn, Cladonia coniocraea
  9. Common Sunburst Lichen, Golden Shield Lichen, Xanthoria parietina [yellow-orange,on wood/trees]
  10. Dog Pelt Lichen, Peltigera canina [“skin” with lots of “teeth” on the back of the pelt. I found it on mosson a rock]
  11. Elegant Fringe Lichen, Heterodermia leucomelos [has fine black hairs all over it]
  12. Fancy Frost Lichen, Physconia americana
  13. Farinose Cartilage Lichen,  Ramalina farinacea [like Oakmoss but very thin branches]
  14. Firedot Lichen, Athallia holocarpa [bright orange, flat dots]
  15. Fishbone Beard Lichen, Usnea filipendula
  16. Flattened Thornbush Lichen, Kaernefeltia merrillii [very dark green, thorny-looking thallus]
  17. Fluffy Dust Lichen, Pacific Fluffy Dust Lichen, Lepraria pacifica [blue-green dust lichen]
  18. Frosted Rim-Lichen, Lecanora caesiorubella [white with white apothecia]
  19. Giraffe Spots, Peniophora albobadia [flat, brown w/light rim]
  20. Gold Dust Lichen, Chrysothrix candelaris
  21. Green Shield Lichen, Flavoparmelia caperata
  22. Hoary Rosette Lichen, Physcia aipolia [hoary, brown apothecia]
  23. Hooded Rosette Lichen, Physcia adscendens [hairs/eyelashes on the tips of the lobes]
  24. Hooded Sunburst Lichen, Xanthomendoza fallax [leafy, yellow-orange, on trees]
  25. Lace Lichen, Ramalina menziesii
  26. Lecidella Lichen, Lecidella elaeochroma [crustose lichen, whitish with dark spots]
  27. Mealy Pixie Cup, Cladonia chlorophaea
  28. Mealy Rim Lichen, Lecanora strobilina [greenish apothecia]
  29. Oakmoss Lichen, Evernia prunastri [like strap but with soredia]
  30. Pin-Cushion Sunburst Lichen, Polycauliona polycarpa [bright orange, apothecia, close, piled]
  31. Poplar Sunburst Lichen, Xanthomendoza hasseana [sunburst on Cottonwood]
  32. Powderhorn Lichen, Common Powderhorn, Cladonia coniocraea
  33. Rosette Lichen, Physcia millegrana [dense grainy greenish with dark apotheca]
  34. Shadow Lichen, Family: Physciaceae
  35. Shield Lichen, Parmelia sulcata [greyish,veined]
  36. Shrubby Sunburst Lichen, Polycauliona candelaria
  37. Speckled Greenshield Lichen, Flavopunctelia flaventior
  38. Strap Lichen, Western Strap Lichen, Ramalina leptocarpha [without soredia]
  39. Western Shield Lichen, Parmelia hygrophila [blue-gray, foliose, dull isidia on leaves]
  40. Whitewash Lichen, Phlyctis argena
  41. Wolf Lichen, Letharia vulpine [bright yellow-green]

Lichen on Rocks/Metal:

  1. Bare-bottom Sunburst Lichen, Xanthomendoza weberi [yellow to orange, shrubby, on rock/metal]
  2. Brown Cobblestone Lichen, Acarospora fuscata
  3. Cinder Lichen, Aspicilia cinerea
  4. Concentric Boulder Lichen, Porpidia crustulata [circles of black spots on rock]
  5. Crater Lichen, Diploschistes scruposus
  6. Cumberland Rock-Shield Lichen, Xanthoparmelia cumberlandia [gray on rocks, brown apotheca
  7. Ear-leaf Lichen, Normandina pulchella [green leaf-like on rocks]
  8. Hidden Goldspeck Lichen, Candelariella aurella [small, scattered, yellow, on rocks]
  9. Pore Lichen, Pertusaria sp.
  10. Rock Greenshield Lichen, Flavoparmelia baltimorensis [light green to gray, crumbly center]
  11. Rock Shield Lichen, Xanthoparmelia conspersa
  12. Rock Tripe, Emery Rocktripe Lichen, Umbilicaria phaea
  13. Sagebrush Goldspeck Lichen, Candelariella rosulans [bright yellow, lumpy clumps on rocks]
  14. Smokey-Eyed Boulder Lichen, Porpidia albocaerulescens
  15. Stonewall Rim Lichen, Lecona muralis [pale green/gray thallus with rose/tan apothecia gathered in the center; color can be quite variable]
  16. Sunken Disk Lichen, Aspicilia sp. [like crusty patches, tan to black]
  17. Yellow Cobblestone Lichen, Acarospora socialis
  18. Yellow Map Lichen, Rhizocarpon geographicum [bright yellow-green with dark spots]

Mammals:

  1. African Lion, Panthera leo
  2. Beaver, American, Beaver, Castor canadensis
  3. Black Angus Cattle, Bos taurus var. Black Angus
  4. Black-Tailed Jackrabbit, Lepus californicus
  5. California Ground Squirrel, Otospermophilus beecheyi
  6. Cat, Felis catus
  7. Chimpanzee, Pan troglodytes
  8. Columbian Black-Tailed Deer, Odocoileus hemionus columbianus
  9. Coyote, Canis latrans
  10. Desert Cottontail Rabbit, Sylvilagus audubonii
  11. Dog, Canis lupus familiaris
  12. Douglas’ Squirrel, Tamiasciurus douglasii [brown with white belly]
  13. Eastern Bongo, Tragelaphus eurycerus isaaci
  14. Eastern Fox Squirrel, Sciurus niger
  15. Eastern Gray Squirrel, Sciurus carolinensis
  16. Goat, Domestic Goat, Capra hircus
  17. Grevy’s Zebra, Equus grevyi
  18. Guernsey Cattle, Bos taurus var. Guernsey
  19. Holstein Friesian Cattle,Black Angus Cattle, Bos taurus var. Holstein
  20. Jaguar, Panthera onca
  21. Llama, Lama glama
  22. Masai Giraffe, Giraffa tippelskirchi
  23. Mongoose Lemur, Eulemur mongoz
  24. Mule Deer, Odocoileus hemionus
  25. Muskrat, Ondatra zibethicus
  26. Red Kangaroo, Macropus rufus
  27. Red Panda, Ailurus fulgens
  28. Red River Hog, Potamochoerus porcus
  29. Reticulated Giraffe, Giraffa camelopardalis reticulata
  30. River Otter, North American River Otter, Lontra canadensis
  31. Sumatran Orangutan, Pongo abelii
  32. Water Vole, Arvicola amphibius
  33. Western Gray Squirrel, Sciurus griseus
  34. White-Faced Saki, Pithecia pithecia
  35. White-Handed Gibbon, Hylobates lar

Plants, Flowers, Trees:

  1. Almond Tree, Prunus dulcis
  2. American Bugleweed, Lycopus americanus [like horehound]
  3. American Elm Tree, Ulmus americana
  4. American Mistletoe, Phoradendron leucarpum
  5. Armenian Blackberry, Rubus armeniacus [pink flower]
  6. Arroyo Willow, Salix lasiolepis
  7. Arundo, Giant Reed, Arundo donax
  8. Azolla, Water Fern, Azolla filiculoides
  9. Bald Cypress Tree, Taxodium distichum
  10. Bay Laurel Tree, Laurus nobilis
  11. Bedstraw, Velcro Grass, Cleavers, Galium aparine
  12. Bigfruit Evening Primrose, Oenothera macrocarpa
  13. Bird’s-Eye Speedwell, Veronica persica [tiny blue flowers]
  14. Bird’s-foot Trefoil, Lotus corniculatus
  15. Bishop Pine, Pinus muricata [fascicles of TWO needles]
  16. Bittercress, Hairy Bittercress, Cardamine hirsuta
  17. Bitterroot, Lewisia rediviva [large, bright pink flowers]
  18. Black Locust Tree, Robinia pseudoacacia
  19. Black Mustard, Common Wild Mustard, Brassica nigra
  20. Black Walnut, Eastern Black Walnut, Juglans nigra
  21. Blessed Milk Thistle, Silybum marianum
  22. Blow Wives, Soft Blow Wives, Achyrachaena mollis
  23. Blue Dicks, Dipterostemon capitatus
  24. Blue Dicks, Table Mountain Blue Dicks, Dipterostemon capitatus capitatus
  25. Blue Dicks, Vernal Pool Blue Dicks, Dipterostemon capitatus lacuna-vernalis
  26. Blue Elderberry, Sambucus nigra cerulea
  27. Blue Oak, Quercus douglasii
  28. Borage, Borago officinalis [blue “beaked” flowers]
  29. Boxelder, Box Elder Tree, Acer negundo
  30. Brass Buttons, Cotula coronopifolia
  31. Brazilian Vervain, Verbena brasiliensis
  32. Bristly Oxtongue, Helminthotheca echioides
  33. Broadleaf Cattail, Bullrush, Typha latifolia
  34. Broad-Leaved Dock, Rumex obtusifolius
  35. Bladderpod, Peritoma arborea [kind of looks like Jerusalem sage but gets bladder-like seed pods]
  36. Buddha’s Hand, Citrus medica sarcodactylis
  37. Buckbrush, Ceanothus cuneatus
  38. Bunch-flowered Daffodil, Narcissus tazetta
  39. Bur Clover, Medicago polymorpha
  40. Bur Parsley, Bur Chervil, Anthriscus caucalis
  41. Bush Lupine, Silver Lupine, Lupinus albifrons
  42. Butter-and-Eggs, Triphysaria eriantha eriantha [red stems]
  43. Buttonbush, Cephalanthus occidentalis
  44. California Bay, Umbellularia californica
  45. California Black Oak, Quercus kelloggii
  46. California Buckeye Chestnut Tree, Aesculus californica
  47. California Buttercup, Ranunculus californicus
  48. California Manroot, Bigroot, Marah fabaceus
  49. California Mugwort, Artemisia douglasiana
  50. California Pipevine, Dutchman’s Pipe, Aristolochia californica
  51. California Poppy, Eschscholzia californica
  52. California Scrub Oak, Quercus berberidifolia
  53. California Sycamore, Platanus racemose
  54. California Wild Grape, Vitis californica
  55. California Wild Rose, Rosa californica
  56. Candelabra Aloe, Aloe arborescens
  57. Canyon Live-Forever, Dudleya cymosa
  58. Carrot, American Wild Carrot, Daucus pusillus
  59. Cascade Onion, Allium cratericola
  60. Checker Lily, Fritillaria affinis
  61. Cherry-Plum Tree, Prunus cerasifera
  62. Chickweed, Common Chickweed, Stellaria media
  63. Chinese Houses, Purple Chinese Houses, Collinsia heterophylla
  64. Chinese Pistache, Pistacia chinensis
  65. Chinese Privet, Glossy Privet, Ligustrum lucidum
  66. Coastal Manroot, Marah oregana
  67. Coastal Willow, Salix hookeriana
  68. Coastal Woodfern, Dryopteris arguta
  69. Coast Live Oak, Quercus agrifolia
  70. Coast Redwood, Sequoia sempervirens
  71. Coffeeberry, California Buckthorn, Frangula californica
  72. Common Correa, Correa reflexa [trumpet shaped pink flowers]
  73. Common Cowparsnip, Heracleum maximum
  74. Common Dandelion, Taraxacum officinale
  75. Common Daffoldil, Narcissus pseudonarcissus
  76. Common Fiddleneck, Amsinckia menziesii
  77. Common Hazel Tree, Corylus avellana [long catkins, no pseudo cones]
  78. Common Pea, Pisum sativum [rounded leaves, flower is light pink and dark pink]
  79. Common Pincushion Moss, Dicranoweisia cirrata
  80. Common Snowberry, Symphoricarpos albus
  81. Common Snowberry, Symphoricarpos albus albus
  82. Common Spike-Rush, Eleocharis palustris
  83. Common Stork’s-Bill, Red Stem Filaree, Erodium cicutarium [corkscrew seed pods]
  84. Common Sugarbush, Spicebush, Protea repens
  85. Common Vetch, Vicia sativa [pink flowers]
  86. Common Water-Crowfoot, Ranunculus aquatilis [tops float on the surface of vernal pools]
  87. Cork Oak, Quercus suber
  88. Cowbag Clover, Trifolium depauperatum
  89. Coyote Brush, Baccharis pilularis
  90. Coyote Tobacco, Nicotiana attenuata
  91. Creeping Moss, Conardia compacta
  92. Crescent-Cup Liverwort, Lunularia cruciata [look for the gemmae in the cups]
  93. Crevice Alumroot, Heuchera micrantha [tiny pink flowers on stalks]
  94. Crisped Pincushion Moss, Ulota crispa
  95. Curly Dock, Rumex crispus
  96. Cut-leaved Crane’s-Bill, Geranium dissectum
  97. Death Camas, Foothill Deathcamas, Toxicoscordion paniculatum
  98. Dendroalsia Moss, Dendroalsia abietina [long, curling tendrils on trees]
  99. Dot-Seed Plantain, Plantago erecta
  100. Douglas Iris, Iris douglasiana
  101. Douglas’ Violet, Viola douglasii [yellow violet with rusty back]
  102. Dove’s-Foot Crane’s-Bill, Geranium molle
  103. Dutch Iris, Iris × hollandica
  104. Elegant Clarkia, Clarkia unguiculata [red line on leaves]
  105. Elephant’s-Ears, Bergenia crassifolia [like a begonia, bouquet of pink flowers]
  106. Elm, Field Elm Tree, Ulmus minor [soft flakey seed pods]
  107. English Walnut, Juglans regia
  108. European Gooseberry, Ribes uva-crispa [spines on stems]
  109. European Water-Plantain, Alisma plantago-aquatica
  110. Fennel, Sweet Fennel, Foeniculum vulgare
  111. Fern, California Polypody, Polypodium californicum
  112. Field Poppy, Common Poppy, Papaver rhoeas
  113. Filamentous Green Algae, Spirogyra sp.
  114. Floating Water Primrose, Ludwigia peploides ssp. Peploides
  115. Fremont’s Cottonwood, Populus fremontii
  116. French Broom, Genista monspessulana
  117. Fringe Cups, Tellima grandiflora [leaves similar to Crevice Alumroot]
  118. Fringepod, Sand Fringepod, Thysanocarpus curvipes
  119. Frying Pan Poppy, Eschscholzia lobbii
  120. Giant White Wakerobin, Trillium albidum
  121. Ginkgo, Ginkgo biloba
  122. Giraffe’s Head, Henbit Deadnettle, Lamium amplexicaule
  123. Globe Lily, Diogenes’ Lantern, Calochortus amabilis [yellow]
  124. Glue-Seed, Blennosperma nanum [small yellow flower with white dots around center mound]
  125. Goldback Fern, Pentagramma triangularis
  126. Golden Dwarf Mistletoe, Western Dwarf Mistletoe, Arceuthobium campylopodum
  127. Goldfields, California Goldfields, Lasthenia californica
  128. Goodding’s Black Willow, Salix gooddingii
  129. Gray Pine, Pinus sabiniana
  130. Greater Honeywort, Cerinthe major [spotted leaves, “shrimp-like” flowers]
  131. Green Hellebore, Helleborus viridis
  132. Grey-cushioned Grimmia Moss, Grimmia pulvinate [clumpy, on rocks]
  133. Gumweed, Hairy Gumweed, Grindelia hirsutula
  134. Gumweed, Great Valley Gumweed, Grindelia camporum
  135. Hairy Vetch, Winter Vetch, Vicia villosa ssp. villosa 
  136. Hairy Violet, Viola hirta
  137. Heart-Podded Hoary Cress, Lepidium draba [looks like a short Broad Leafed Pepperweed to me]
  138. Heavenly Bamboo, Nandina domestica [bright red berries]
  139. Hedgehog Holly, European Holly, Ilex aquifolium
  140. Hedwig’s Fringeleaf Moss, Hedwigia ciliata
  141. Hen-and-chickens Echeveria, Echeveria secunda
  142. Henderson’s Shooting Star, Primula hendersonii
  143. Hillside Woodland Star, Lithophragma heterophyllum
  144. Himalayan Blackberry, Rubus bifrons [white flowers]
  145. Holm Oak, Quercus ilex
  146. Incense Cedar, Calocedrus decurrens
  147. Interior Live Oak, Quercus wislizeni
  148. Interior Sandbar Willow, Salix interior
  149. Italian Cypress, Mediterranean Cypress, Cupressus sempervirens
  150. Italian Thistle, Carduus pycnocephalus
  151. Ithuriel’s Spear, Triteleia laxa
  152. Japanese Aralia, Fatsia japonica [stalks of white flowers, huge leaves]
  153. Japanese Wisteria, Wisteria floribunda
  154. Jointed Charlock, Wild Radish, Raphanus raphanistrum
  155. Khella, Bisnaga Weed, Toothpick Plant, Bishop’s Weed, Ammi visnaga [ a kind of carrot, invasive species]
  156. Large-flower Pink-Sorrel, Oxalis debilis [clover-like leaves, pink flowers]
  157. Larkspur, Red Larkspur, Delphinium nudicaule
  158. Larkspur, Zigzag Larkspur, Delphinium patens [purple, striped lips]
  159. Lettuces, Lactuca sp.
  160. Liquid Ambar, American Sweetgum, Liquidambar styraciflua
  161. Lomatium, Barestem Biscuitroot, Lomatium nudicaule
  162. Lomatium, California Lomatium, Lomatium californicum
  163. Lords and Ladies, Wild Arum, Arum italicummLove-in-a-Mist, Niallgella damascena
  164. Lupine, Arroyo Lupine, Lupinus succulentus
  165. Lupine, Chick Lupine, Lupinus microcarpus
  166. Lupine, Miniature Lupine, Lupinus bicolor
  167. Lupine, Sky Lupine, Lupinus nanus
  168. Madrone, Pacific Madrone, Arbutus menziesii
  169. Magnolia, Southern Magnolia, Magnolia grandiflora [typical one we normally see]
  170. Mahogany, Birchleaf Mountain Mahogany, Cercocarpus betuloides
  171. Maidenhair, California Maidenhair Fern, Adiantum jordanii
  172. Manyflower Marshpennywort, Hydrocotyle umbellata [white flowers, leaves rounded like nasturtium]
  173. Marsh Foxtail Grass, Alopecurus geniculatus
  174. Marsh Morning Glory, Calystegia sepium limnophila
  175. Mediterranean Stork’s-Bill, Broad-Leaf Stork’s-Bill, Erodium botrys
  176. Medusa Head Grass, Taeniatherum caput-medusae
  177. Miner’s Lettuce, Claytonia perfoliata
  178. Miner’s Lettuce, Streambank Springbeauty, Claytonia parviflora [very small]
  179. Mistletoe, American Mistletoe, Big Leaf Mistletoe, Phoradendron leucarpum
  180. Mountain Misery, Chamaebatia foliolosa [fern-like leaves]
  181. Mule’s Ears, Smooth Mule-Ears, Wyethia glabra
  182. Musk Stork’s-Bill, Erodium moschatum
  183. Orange Bush Monkeyflower, Diplacus aurantiacus
  184. Oregon Ash, Fraxinus latifolia
  185. Oregon Grape, Barberry, Berberis aquifolium
  186. Oxalis, Bermuda Buttercup, Oxalis pes-caprae
  187. Pacific Ninebark, Physocarpus capitatus
  188. Pacific Pea, Lathyrus vestitus
  189. Pampas Grass, Cortaderia selloana
  190. Peach, Prunus persica [dark pink flowers]
  191. Pennywort, Centella sp.
  192. Periwinkle, Greater Periwinkle, Vinca major
  193. Phacelia, Caterpillar Scorpionweed, Phacelia cicutaria
  194. Phacelia, Mountain Phacelia, Phacelia imbricata
  195. Philonotis Moss, Philonotis sp. [on the ground]
  196. Pink Honeysuckle, California Honeysuckle, Lonicera hispidula
  197. Pipestem Clematis, Old Man’s Beards, Clematis lasiantha
  198. Plume Moss, Dendroalsia abietina
  199. Pointleaf Manzanita, Arctostaphylos pungens [small leaves and flowers]
  200. Poison Hemlock, Conium maculatum
  201. Poison Oak, Pacific Poison Oak, Western Poison Oak, Toxicodendron diversilobum
  202. Ponderosa Pine, Pinus ponderosa
  203. Popcorn Flower, Pacific Popcornflower, Plagiobothrys tenellus [bright yellow center]
  204. Popcorn Flower, Rusty Popcornflower, Plagiobothrys nothofulvus [tiny]
  205. Popcorn Flower, Stalked Popcornflower, Plagiobothrys stipitatus
  206. Prettyface, Triteleia ixioides
  207. Prettyface, Dark-stained Prettyface, Triteleia ixioides unifolia
  208. Prickly Pear Cactus, Indian Fig Opuntia, Opuntia ficus-indica
  209. Prickly Sowthistle, Pigweed, Sonchus asper
  210. Pussy Willow, American Pussy Willow, Salix discolor
  211. Pyracantha, Firethorn, Pyracantha coccinea
  212. Q-Tips, Micropus californicus
  213. Rapeseed, Brassica napusshepard
  214. Red Deadnettle, Lamium purpureum
  215. Red Gum Eucalyptus, River Redgum, Eucalyptus camaldulensis
  216. Red Maids, Calandrinia menziesii
  217. Red Maids, Fringed Red-Maids, Calandrinia ciliata
  218. Red Maple, Acer rubrum
  219. Red Pine, Pinus resinosa
  220. Redshank Moss, Ceratodon purpureus [green moss with red shanks on the sprouting heads]
  221. Redvein Abutilon, Callianthe picta [lantern-like flowers]
  222. Ribwort Plantain, Plantago lanceolata
  223. Rose Clover, Trifolium hirtum
  224. Rosemary, Salvia rosmarinus
  225. Rough Cocklebur, Xanthium strumarium
  226. Sacred Lotus, Nelumbo nucifera
  227. Sanicle, Northern Sanicle, Sierra Sanicle, Sanicula graveolens [very strong scent]
  228. Sanicle, Pacific Sanicle, Sanicula crassicaulis [large, yellow flowers]
  229. Santa Barbara Sedge, Carex barbarae
  230. Scarlet Pimpernel, Lysimachia arvensis
  231. Seablush, Longspur Seablush, Plectritis macrocera
  232. Seablush, Shortspur Seablush, Plectritis congesta
  233. Seep Monkeyflower, Erythranthe guttata
  234. Shepherd’s-Purse, Capsella bursa-pastoris
  235. Shining Netvein Barberry, Berberis dictyota
  236. Shining Pepperweed, Lepidium nitidum
  237. Sierra Mock Stonecrop, Sedella pumila
  238. Silver Wattle, Acacia dealbata
  239. Silvery Bryum Moss, Bryum argenteum
  240. Sitka Willow, Salix sitchensis
  241. Slender Clubrush, Isolepis cernua
  242. Slender Path Rush, Juncus tenuis [“flowers” mid stem]
  243. Smooth Cliffbrake, Pellaea glabella
  244. Soft Rush, Juncus effusus
  245. Sonoma Sage, Salvia sonomensis [light purple]
  246. Spanish Butcher’s-Broom, Ruscus hypophyllum [tiny white flowers in the middle of the leaf]
  247. Star Moss, Syntrichia ruralis
  248. Sticky Mouse-Ear Chickweed, Cerastium glomeratum
  249. Stinging Nettle, Urtica dioica
  250. Stonecrop, Sedum sp.
  251. Strawberry Tree, Arbutus unedo
  252. Sulphur Grevillea, Grevillea juniperina ssp. sulphurea [orange spidery flowers]
  253. Sunflower, Common Sunflower, Helianthus annuus
  254. Swamp Rose, Rosa palustris
  255. Sweet-Brier Rose, Sweetbrier, Rosa rubiginosa
  256. Table Mountain Meadowfoam, Limnanthes douglasii ssp. nivea
  257. Tall Flatsedge, Cyperus eragrostis
  258. Tamarisk, Saltcedar, Tamarix ramosissima
  259. Taw Manroot, Marah watsonii
  260. Telegraphweed, Heterotheca grandiflora
  261. Tomcat Clover, Trifolium willdenovii
  262. Toyon, Heteromeles arbutifolia
  263. Trailing Blackberry, California Blackberry, Rubus ursinus
  264. Tree-skirt Moss, Pseudanomodon attenuatus
  265. Tule, Common Tule, Schoenoplectus acutus
  266. Valley Oak, Quercus lobata
  267. Warrior’s Plume, Pedicularis densiflora
  268. Water Lettuce, Pistia stratiotes
  269. Water Purslane, Ludwigia palustris [dense, leafy, red stems]
  270. Wavy-Leafed Soap Plant, Soaproot, Chlorogalum pomeridianum
  271. Western Buttercup, Ranunculus occidentalis
  272. Western Redbud, Cercis occidentalis
  273. Western Sword Fern, Polystichum munitum
  274. Western Sycamore, Platanus racemosa
  275. White Alder, Alnus rhombifolia
  276. White Horehound, Marrubium vulgare
  277. White Nemophila, Nemophila heterophylla
  278. White-Tipped Clover, Trifolium variegatum
  279. Whiteleaf Manzanita, Arctostaphylos viscida
  280. Wild Oat Grass, Chrysopogon aciculatus
  281. Wild Teasel, Dipsacus fullonum
  282. Wood Forget-Me-Not, Myosotis sylvatica
  283. Woolly Indian Paintbrush, Castilleja foliolosa
  284. Yellow Starthistle, Centaurea solstitialis
  285. Yellow Water Iris, Yellow Flag, Iris pseudacorus [invasive]
  286. Yerba Santa, California Yerba Santa, Eriodictyon californicum

Pathogens/Bacteria:

Reptiles and Amphibians:

  1. American Alligator, Alligator mississippiensis
  2. Pacific Pond Turtle, Western Pond Turtle, Actinemys marorata
  3. Red-Eared Slider Turtle, Trachemys scripta elegans
  4. Rhinoceros Iguana, Cyclura cornuta
  5. Sierran Tree Frog, Pseudacris sierra [dark stripe across the eye]
  6. Western Fence Lizard, Blue Belly, Sceloporus occidentalis
  7. Western Toad, Anaxyrus boreas
  8. ?? Snake bones [Mather Lake]

Other Vocabulary:

  • Apothecia: [a-poth-EH-cee-ah] concave cup formations on lichen that bear the spores; asocarp
  • Bilateral Gynandromorph: an organism that contains both male and female characteristics that can be distinguished through sexual dimorphism. Usually seen in moths, butterflies, other insects and birds.
  • Cilia: outgrowths on the thallus of lichen that look like eyelashes or tentacles
  • Crown Shyness: gaps in the canopy between trees in the forest that allow for sunlight to get through, and help the trees “social distance” to help neighboring trees to avoid infections and infestations.
  • Fasciation: also known as cresting, a relatively rare condition of abnormal growth in vascular plants in which the growing tip which normally is concentrated around a single point and produces approximately cylindrical tissue, instead becomes elongated perpendicularly to the direction of growth, thus producing flattened, ribbon-like, crested (or “cristate”), or elaborately contorted, tissue.
  • Inquiline: an animal exploiting the living space of another, e.g. an insect that lays its eggs in a gall produced by another (not the same as parasite because they don’t necessarily adversely affect the host.)
  • Intergrade: There are two types of intergradation: Primary intergradation: Occurs in cases were two subspecies are connected via one or more intermediate populations, each of which are in turn intermediate to their adjacent populations and exhibit more or less the same amount of variability as any other population within the species. Adjacent populations and subspecies are subject to cline intergradation, and in these situations it is usually taken for granted that the clines are causally related to environmental gradients. Secondary intergradation: When contact between a geographically isolated subspecies is reestablished with the main body of the species or with another isolate subspecies, interbreeding takes place as long as the isolate has not yet evolved an effective set of isolating mechanisms. Consequently, a relatively distinct zone or belt of hybridization will develop depending on the degree of genetic and phenotypic difference that was achieved by the previously isolated subspecies.
  • Isidia: [EYE-sid-ee-ah] ; small outgrowths of the thallus, from about 50 micrometres to a millimetre or so in length. They contain both fungal hyphae and photobiont cells and vary in shape, depending on species, from bulbous to cylindrical or branched, sometimes even coralloid .
  • Soredia: [SORE-dee-ah] powdery grainy-looking balls composed of fungal hyphae wrapped around cyanobacteria or green algae on lichen; asexual reproduction
  • Teneral: of, relating to, or constituting a state of the imago of an insect immediately after molting during which it is soft and immature in coloring.
  • Thigmotropism: the turning or bending of a plant or other organism in response to a touch stimulus (what causes a vine to wrap around a tree, for example)
This is a Rose-Breasted Grosbeak with bilateral gynandromorphism. It’s male on the right and female on the left. [I did not take this photo. It’s from the Powdermill Nature Reserve.]

Travels of a Certified California Naturalist